Commission of inquiry to investigate the development of a comprehensive labour market policy
- NUM
- Authors: NUM
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: NUM
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/250662 , vital:52036
- Description: In 1985, the Central Statistical Services and the Chamber of Mines ceased publishing a racial breakdown of mining industry employment. This marked the end of a statistical series that dated back for almost 100 years. Since 1985, there is no official series of racially segmented data for the mining industry, while the racial breakdown of employment in all other sectors of the economy was published up until 1992. From 1993, the Central Statistical Services introduced a new “Unspecified Race” category into its published employment data, making the identification of trends in employment and income by race less certain. The statistical information on racial issues in this submission must reflect these difficulties with the data. In respect of gold and coal mines that are members of the Chamber of Mines, the Chamber periodically has made available unpublished information on employment and total wages after 1985, grouped into “skilled employees” and “unskilled / semi-skilled employees.” Until about 1989, when legal barriers to the employment of blacks in skilled jobs were removed, the two Chamber categories reflect the old “White” and “Non-White” categories used by the Chamber before 1986. Since 1989, a small, but slowly increasing number, of skilled workers have been black, but this has not been taken into account in any of the statistics presented for the gold and the coal sectors. “Black” employment in the gold and coal mining industry thus refers to employees in Categories 1 to 8, the only groups for which the NUM currently bargains with Chamber member mines.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
- Authors: NUM
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: NUM
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/250662 , vital:52036
- Description: In 1985, the Central Statistical Services and the Chamber of Mines ceased publishing a racial breakdown of mining industry employment. This marked the end of a statistical series that dated back for almost 100 years. Since 1985, there is no official series of racially segmented data for the mining industry, while the racial breakdown of employment in all other sectors of the economy was published up until 1992. From 1993, the Central Statistical Services introduced a new “Unspecified Race” category into its published employment data, making the identification of trends in employment and income by race less certain. The statistical information on racial issues in this submission must reflect these difficulties with the data. In respect of gold and coal mines that are members of the Chamber of Mines, the Chamber periodically has made available unpublished information on employment and total wages after 1985, grouped into “skilled employees” and “unskilled / semi-skilled employees.” Until about 1989, when legal barriers to the employment of blacks in skilled jobs were removed, the two Chamber categories reflect the old “White” and “Non-White” categories used by the Chamber before 1986. Since 1989, a small, but slowly increasing number, of skilled workers have been black, but this has not been taken into account in any of the statistics presented for the gold and the coal sectors. “Black” employment in the gold and coal mining industry thus refers to employees in Categories 1 to 8, the only groups for which the NUM currently bargains with Chamber member mines.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
The Educational Journal
- Date: 1980-02
- Subjects: Education –- South Africa , South Africa -- Politics and government , Government, Resistance to -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/36310 , vital:33919 , Bulk File 7
- Description: The Educational Journal was the official organ of the Teachers' League of South Africa and focussed on education within the context of a racialized South Africa.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1980-02
- Date: 1980-02
- Subjects: Education –- South Africa , South Africa -- Politics and government , Government, Resistance to -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/36310 , vital:33919 , Bulk File 7
- Description: The Educational Journal was the official organ of the Teachers' League of South Africa and focussed on education within the context of a racialized South Africa.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1980-02
Implementing training for racial equality: for multi-cultural South Africa
- Authors: AZAAD Race Consultant
- Date: 19--?
- Subjects: Cultural awareness -- South Africa -- Handbooks, manuals, etc. , Racism -- South Africa , Equality -- South Africa , Seminars -- Handbooks, manuals, etc.
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75993 , vital:30490
- Description: The commitment of Azaad as a Race Consultancy is:- To ensure quality of opportunity for South Africans to fulfil their potential as Empowered Individuals and members of groups and communities; To Educate, enabling South Africans to gain skills, knowledge and attitudes needed to identify, advocate and pursue their rights and responsibilities as individuals and as members of groups and communities locally, nationally and internationally; Designed to create Equal Opportunity-through the challenging of oppression and the celebration of the differences which springs from culture, language, sexual identity, gender, disability, age, religion, and class; To Participate through voluntary relationship with other South Africans in which White and Black South Africans are partners in the learning process and decision making structures which affect their own and other peoples lives; To Empower- Supporting South Africans to understand and act on the personal, social and political issues which affect their lives, the lives of others and the communities they are part of; To Build resources will be a major effort of Azaad as a Race Consultancy. It is our intention to extend the objectives of all racial, cultural, religious, national, ethnic, sexual and political affiliations. All this will be delivered through informal education, through workshops, short courses, seminars, conferences, role play, etc.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 19--?
- Authors: AZAAD Race Consultant
- Date: 19--?
- Subjects: Cultural awareness -- South Africa -- Handbooks, manuals, etc. , Racism -- South Africa , Equality -- South Africa , Seminars -- Handbooks, manuals, etc.
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75993 , vital:30490
- Description: The commitment of Azaad as a Race Consultancy is:- To ensure quality of opportunity for South Africans to fulfil their potential as Empowered Individuals and members of groups and communities; To Educate, enabling South Africans to gain skills, knowledge and attitudes needed to identify, advocate and pursue their rights and responsibilities as individuals and as members of groups and communities locally, nationally and internationally; Designed to create Equal Opportunity-through the challenging of oppression and the celebration of the differences which springs from culture, language, sexual identity, gender, disability, age, religion, and class; To Participate through voluntary relationship with other South Africans in which White and Black South Africans are partners in the learning process and decision making structures which affect their own and other peoples lives; To Empower- Supporting South Africans to understand and act on the personal, social and political issues which affect their lives, the lives of others and the communities they are part of; To Build resources will be a major effort of Azaad as a Race Consultancy. It is our intention to extend the objectives of all racial, cultural, religious, national, ethnic, sexual and political affiliations. All this will be delivered through informal education, through workshops, short courses, seminars, conferences, role play, etc.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 19--?
Socio-economic processes in the rural areas of Region E
- Authors: May, Julian
- Date: 19--?
- Subjects: Poverty -- South Africa , Income distribution -- South Africa , Household surveys -- South Africa , Rural poor -- South Africa , South Africa -- Rural conditions
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75421 , vital:30416
- Description: The social conditions in the rural areas of South Africa are by now widely known and numerous researchers have documented the poverty stricken quality of life which generally prevails amongst black families in these areas (Wilson and Ramphele, 1989). The vast majority of rural households have incomes which are below subsistence levels and in the Homelands, agricultural productive ability has become so eroded that rural household income is now chiefly derived from remittances from migrants in the towns or from the wages of farm labourers (Nattrass and May, 1986). As such, at present the majority of black rural households living in Region E make up consumer communities which must purchase the majority of their subsistence needs, rather than producer communities in which subsistence needs can be met from the utilisation of local resources (Derman and Poultney, 1983). Despite this unpromising situation, the diminishing importance of agricultural production to the South African national economy (Bethlehem, 1989), and the dominance of urbanisation as a social force, it can be argued that the rural areas of Region E will be directly and substantially affected by efforts to restructure the South African economy as a whole. Consequently, revitalising the rural economy in a restructured social and economic system would be a concern in itself, even though the effect of this for a future growth path for South Africa may be uncertain (Kaplinsky, 1991:54). The report will first examine the broad demographic changes in Region E noting the impact of these changes on the rural areas. Thereafter, the economic processes which characterise the rural areas will be discussed, in particular, employment, income levels and income distribution. This will feed into a discussion of the social processes which will include changing dynamics of migration, and a socio-economic profile of rural households. The paper concludes by briefly examining access and usage of basic services and facilities in the rural parts of Region E.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 19--?
- Authors: May, Julian
- Date: 19--?
- Subjects: Poverty -- South Africa , Income distribution -- South Africa , Household surveys -- South Africa , Rural poor -- South Africa , South Africa -- Rural conditions
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75421 , vital:30416
- Description: The social conditions in the rural areas of South Africa are by now widely known and numerous researchers have documented the poverty stricken quality of life which generally prevails amongst black families in these areas (Wilson and Ramphele, 1989). The vast majority of rural households have incomes which are below subsistence levels and in the Homelands, agricultural productive ability has become so eroded that rural household income is now chiefly derived from remittances from migrants in the towns or from the wages of farm labourers (Nattrass and May, 1986). As such, at present the majority of black rural households living in Region E make up consumer communities which must purchase the majority of their subsistence needs, rather than producer communities in which subsistence needs can be met from the utilisation of local resources (Derman and Poultney, 1983). Despite this unpromising situation, the diminishing importance of agricultural production to the South African national economy (Bethlehem, 1989), and the dominance of urbanisation as a social force, it can be argued that the rural areas of Region E will be directly and substantially affected by efforts to restructure the South African economy as a whole. Consequently, revitalising the rural economy in a restructured social and economic system would be a concern in itself, even though the effect of this for a future growth path for South Africa may be uncertain (Kaplinsky, 1991:54). The report will first examine the broad demographic changes in Region E noting the impact of these changes on the rural areas. Thereafter, the economic processes which characterise the rural areas will be discussed, in particular, employment, income levels and income distribution. This will feed into a discussion of the social processes which will include changing dynamics of migration, and a socio-economic profile of rural households. The paper concludes by briefly examining access and usage of basic services and facilities in the rural parts of Region E.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 19--?
Cybersecurity: reducing the attack surface
- Authors: Thomson, Kerry-Lynn
- Subjects: Computer security , Computer networks -- Security measures , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52885 , vital:44319
- Description: Almost 60% of the world’s population has access to the internet and most organisations today rely on internet connectivity to conduct business and carry out daily operations. Further to this, it is estimated that concepts such as the Internet of Things (IoT) will facilitate the connections of over 125 billion ‘things’ by the year 2030. However, as people and devices are becoming more and more interconnected, and more data is being shared, the question that must be asked is – are we doing so securely? Each year, cybercriminals cost organisations and individuals millions of dollars, using techniques such as phishing, social engineering, malware and denial of service attacks. In particular, together with the Covid-19 pandemic, there has been a so-called ‘cybercrime pandemic’. Threat actors adapted their techniques to target people with Covid-19-themed cyberattacks and phishing campaigns to exploit their stress and anxiety during the pandemic. Cybersecurity and cybercrime exist in a symbiotic relationship in cyberspace, where, as cybersecurity gets stronger, so the cybercriminals need to become stronger to overcome those defenses. And, as the cybercriminals become stronger, so too must the defenses. Further, this symbiotic relationship plays out on what is called the attack surface. Attack surfaces are the exposed areas of an organisation that make systems more vulnerable to attacks and, essentially, is all the gaps in an organisation’s security that could be compromised by a threat actor. This attack surface is increased through organisations incorporating things such as IoT technologies, migrating to the cloud and decentralising its workforce, as happened during the pandemic with many people working from home. It is essential that organisations reduce the digital attack surface, and the vulnerabilities introduced through devices connected to the internet, with technical strategies and solutions. However, the focus of cybersecurity is often on the digital attack surface and technical solutions, with less of a focus on the human aspects of cybersecurity. The human attack surface encompasses all the vulnerabilities introduced through the actions and activities of employees. These employees should be given the necessary cybersecurity awareness, training and education to reduce the human attack surface of organisations. However, it is not only employees of organisations who are online. All individuals who interact online should be cybersecurity aware and know how to reduce their own digital and human attack surfaces, or digital footprints. This paper emphasises the importance of utilising people as part of the cybersecurity defense through the cultivation of cybersecurity cultures in organisations and a cybersecurity conscious society.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Thomson, Kerry-Lynn
- Subjects: Computer security , Computer networks -- Security measures , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52885 , vital:44319
- Description: Almost 60% of the world’s population has access to the internet and most organisations today rely on internet connectivity to conduct business and carry out daily operations. Further to this, it is estimated that concepts such as the Internet of Things (IoT) will facilitate the connections of over 125 billion ‘things’ by the year 2030. However, as people and devices are becoming more and more interconnected, and more data is being shared, the question that must be asked is – are we doing so securely? Each year, cybercriminals cost organisations and individuals millions of dollars, using techniques such as phishing, social engineering, malware and denial of service attacks. In particular, together with the Covid-19 pandemic, there has been a so-called ‘cybercrime pandemic’. Threat actors adapted their techniques to target people with Covid-19-themed cyberattacks and phishing campaigns to exploit their stress and anxiety during the pandemic. Cybersecurity and cybercrime exist in a symbiotic relationship in cyberspace, where, as cybersecurity gets stronger, so the cybercriminals need to become stronger to overcome those defenses. And, as the cybercriminals become stronger, so too must the defenses. Further, this symbiotic relationship plays out on what is called the attack surface. Attack surfaces are the exposed areas of an organisation that make systems more vulnerable to attacks and, essentially, is all the gaps in an organisation’s security that could be compromised by a threat actor. This attack surface is increased through organisations incorporating things such as IoT technologies, migrating to the cloud and decentralising its workforce, as happened during the pandemic with many people working from home. It is essential that organisations reduce the digital attack surface, and the vulnerabilities introduced through devices connected to the internet, with technical strategies and solutions. However, the focus of cybersecurity is often on the digital attack surface and technical solutions, with less of a focus on the human aspects of cybersecurity. The human attack surface encompasses all the vulnerabilities introduced through the actions and activities of employees. These employees should be given the necessary cybersecurity awareness, training and education to reduce the human attack surface of organisations. However, it is not only employees of organisations who are online. All individuals who interact online should be cybersecurity aware and know how to reduce their own digital and human attack surfaces, or digital footprints. This paper emphasises the importance of utilising people as part of the cybersecurity defense through the cultivation of cybersecurity cultures in organisations and a cybersecurity conscious society.
- Full Text:
Instruments available to the public to assess audit quality
- Authors: Prinsloo, Frans
- Subjects: Auditing -- South Africa , Quality control -- Auditing , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/21928 , vital:29802
- Description: With the separation of ownership from day-to-day management that began to characterise many businesses following the industrial revolution, concern arose whether the day-to-day management (as agents) would bias information flows to the business owners (as principals) in order to enhance, say, their remuneration and their reputations as managers (AQF, 2005a: 6). To address these concerns, business owners require mechanisms, such as the external audit, to enable the effective assessment of the stewardship of the agents. Currently the role of the external auditor is to express an opinion on the fair representation of the annual financial statements prepared by management for the business owners.
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Prinsloo, Frans
- Subjects: Auditing -- South Africa , Quality control -- Auditing , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/21928 , vital:29802
- Description: With the separation of ownership from day-to-day management that began to characterise many businesses following the industrial revolution, concern arose whether the day-to-day management (as agents) would bias information flows to the business owners (as principals) in order to enhance, say, their remuneration and their reputations as managers (AQF, 2005a: 6). To address these concerns, business owners require mechanisms, such as the external audit, to enable the effective assessment of the stewardship of the agents. Currently the role of the external auditor is to express an opinion on the fair representation of the annual financial statements prepared by management for the business owners.
- Full Text: false
Ons woon en werk met afval in Frankdale
- The environmental advisory unit
- Authors: The environmental advisory unit
- Subjects: The environmental advisory unit
- Language: Afrikaans, Xhosa
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/168783 , vital:41647
- Description: Ons woon langsaan ‘n vullishoop, 25km buite Kaapstad, oppad na Malmesbury. Ons plek se naam is Frankdale. Ons het geen skole, toilette of elektrisiteit, en ook geen gesondheidsklinieke nie. ‘n Mobiele kliniek kom een keer per maand.
- Full Text:
- Authors: The environmental advisory unit
- Subjects: The environmental advisory unit
- Language: Afrikaans, Xhosa
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/168783 , vital:41647
- Description: Ons woon langsaan ‘n vullishoop, 25km buite Kaapstad, oppad na Malmesbury. Ons plek se naam is Frankdale. Ons het geen skole, toilette of elektrisiteit, en ook geen gesondheidsklinieke nie. ‘n Mobiele kliniek kom een keer per maand.
- Full Text:
Property development body of knowledge (PDBoK)
- Authors: Botha, Brink
- Subjects: Real estate business , Real estate , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Inaugural Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52750 , vital:44007
- Description: Property development constitutes one of the largest enterprises and gross domestic product contributors of the world. Property development is about the development of land or Real Estate. The business of property development boasts enormous successes over the centuries, however also incurred substantial losses. Then the Covid-19 pandemic took this sentiment to new horizons. Empirical research identified factors affecting the perceived success of property development. The property development project life cycle has been identified to an extent, however, in the international arena, there are still extensive debate in terms of what constitute the accepted norm and stages involved in the proposed property development project life cycle. During primarily the last two decades, further empirical research identified certain knowledge areas that inform the property development process and ultimate life cycle, however, a Best Practice Guide informing the Property Development Body of Knowledge (pork) does not exist. The primary objective of this on-going research project will be to deliver this knew knowledge. The secondary objective will be in the form of knowledge areas aligned to the internationally agreed property development project life cycle that will enable the practice of property development to be professionally governed in all its impact and composure.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Botha, Brink
- Subjects: Real estate business , Real estate , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Inaugural Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52750 , vital:44007
- Description: Property development constitutes one of the largest enterprises and gross domestic product contributors of the world. Property development is about the development of land or Real Estate. The business of property development boasts enormous successes over the centuries, however also incurred substantial losses. Then the Covid-19 pandemic took this sentiment to new horizons. Empirical research identified factors affecting the perceived success of property development. The property development project life cycle has been identified to an extent, however, in the international arena, there are still extensive debate in terms of what constitute the accepted norm and stages involved in the proposed property development project life cycle. During primarily the last two decades, further empirical research identified certain knowledge areas that inform the property development process and ultimate life cycle, however, a Best Practice Guide informing the Property Development Body of Knowledge (pork) does not exist. The primary objective of this on-going research project will be to deliver this knew knowledge. The secondary objective will be in the form of knowledge areas aligned to the internationally agreed property development project life cycle that will enable the practice of property development to be professionally governed in all its impact and composure.
- Full Text:
Resource nationalism: a threat or a panacea to economic development
- Authors: Ocran, Matthew
- Subjects: Natural resources , Nationalism , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20901 , vital:29412
- Description: I seek to achieve three objectives in my lecture: first I attempt an outline of the evolution of economic thought regarding progress from the medieval period to contemporary times. Following the discussion of the mainstream theories of economic growth I then review the associated empirical literature. I also consider a brief case study on two successful countries before addressing the question whether resource nationalism matter in determining economic development. Lastly, I provide some policy recommendations for economic development in South Africa and other resource rich countries on the continent.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ocran, Matthew
- Subjects: Natural resources , Nationalism , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20901 , vital:29412
- Description: I seek to achieve three objectives in my lecture: first I attempt an outline of the evolution of economic thought regarding progress from the medieval period to contemporary times. Following the discussion of the mainstream theories of economic growth I then review the associated empirical literature. I also consider a brief case study on two successful countries before addressing the question whether resource nationalism matter in determining economic development. Lastly, I provide some policy recommendations for economic development in South Africa and other resource rich countries on the continent.
- Full Text:
Whither the International Court?
- Authors: Cilliers, A. C
- Subjects: International Court of Justice -- Powers and duties , Mandates -- Namibia , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/21110 , vital:29441
- Description: The International Court of Justice is an important organ regulating the pacific settlement of international disputes. If the present Court is to function effectively, disrespectful attacks on members of the Court should cease, and the organs of the United Nations should not attempt to use the Court as an instrument of policy. Moreover, the Court itself should adhere to the appropriate method of interpretation of international instruments in litigation having a bearing on political controversies. In October 1966 the General Assembly of the United Nations purported to terminate South Africa's mandate in respect of South West Africa. The Security Council thereafter requested the Court to advise it as to the legal consequences for states of South Africa's continued presence in South West Africa, notwithstanding Security Council Resolution 276 (1970). Has the mandate been validly terminated?
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Cilliers, A. C
- Subjects: International Court of Justice -- Powers and duties , Mandates -- Namibia , f-sa
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/21110 , vital:29441
- Description: The International Court of Justice is an important organ regulating the pacific settlement of international disputes. If the present Court is to function effectively, disrespectful attacks on members of the Court should cease, and the organs of the United Nations should not attempt to use the Court as an instrument of policy. Moreover, the Court itself should adhere to the appropriate method of interpretation of international instruments in litigation having a bearing on political controversies. In October 1966 the General Assembly of the United Nations purported to terminate South Africa's mandate in respect of South West Africa. The Security Council thereafter requested the Court to advise it as to the legal consequences for states of South Africa's continued presence in South West Africa, notwithstanding Security Council Resolution 276 (1970). Has the mandate been validly terminated?
- Full Text: false