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The fish Elops machnata in South Africa

- Fraser, Thomas H, Rhodes University. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology

  • Authors: Fraser, Thomas H , Rhodes University. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology
  • Date: 1973-08
  • Subjects: Elopidae -- South Africa , Elops -- Indian Ocean , Fishes -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , book
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69652 , vital:29563 , Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB)) Periodicals Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB))
  • Description: Online version of original print edition of the Special Publication of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology; No. 11 , Introduction: The status of the species of Elops present in the Indian Ocean along the southern part of Africa has been uncertain in recent times. Two names have been applied - Elops saurus Linnaeus, 1766 and Elops machnata (Forsskål, 1775) by numerous workers up to the present despite three revisions of Elops concluding that only one species, E. machnata, occurs in the western Indian Ocean (Regan, 1909; Bertin, 1944; Whitehead, 1962). These workers also demonstrated that Elops saurus is fotmd only in the western Atlantic Ocean and can be separated 100% of the time from E. machnata by vertebral counts (73-82 in E. saurus and 60-66 in E. machnata). Why, then, have workers persisted in using both names but not exclusively one or the other? There appear to be two reasons: 1. Some workers regard Elops to consist of one world-wide tropical species (in which case E. saurus is the oldest valid name). 2. The inadequate material upon which Regan, Bertin and Whitehead based their conclusions about the species of Elops. The first idea does not appear to be tenable with the evidence presented in the three species revisions and I regard it as erroneous. The second reason is real. We lack the basic information on geographic variation, if any, for the Indian Ocean population. Regan (1909) examined two specimens, Bertin (1944) an unknown number and Whitehead (1962) seven specimens. Whitehead (1965:231) indicates some doubt about the South African population and its status relative to the West African species E. senegalensis Regan, 1909. Furthermore, both Whitehead (1965) and Losse (1968) suggest that E. machnata and E. hawaiensis Regan, 1909 possibly may be subspecies of the same species, but indicate present data to be inadequate. This paper documents meristic and morphometric variation of 39 Elops mostly taken in South African estuaries as a first step toward understanding variation of the southern-most population in the Indian Ocean. South of Durban, South Africa, Elops machnata frequents the coastal waters only during the warmer months and is known to reach Mossel Bay. No species of Elops has been reported along the colder south western coast of southern Africa. The size range examined is large, 30 mm-900 mm SL (or to 6,9 kg), but does not include the maximum recorded size in South Africa of 13,7 kg. Losse's (1968) data for central East Africa are of nearly comparable size range and provide a useful comparison.
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  • Date Issued: 1973-08

Evolutionary significance of Holapogon, a new genus of cardinal fishes (Apogonidae), with a redescription of its type-species, Apogon maximus

- Fraser, Thomas H, Rhodes University. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology

  • Authors: Fraser, Thomas H , Rhodes University. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology
  • Date: 1973-04
  • Subjects: Holapogon , Holapogon maximus , Fishes -- Classification , Fishes -- Indian Ocean
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , book
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69640 , vital:29562 , Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB)) Periodicals Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB))
  • Description: Online version of original print edition of the Special Publication of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology; No. 10 , A new genus is erected for Apogon maximus, a deep water cardinal fish occurring off the coast of southern Arabia in the Indian Ocean. Holapogon is a primitive genus near the ancestor which gave rise to all the living Apogoninae. The type-species, Apogon maximus Boulenger, 1887, is redescribed and aspects of its anatomy are investigated.
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  • Date Issued: 1973-04

"The isolation and estimation of low molecular weight N-nitrosamines in biological materials"

- Du Plessis, Leo Stephen

  • Authors: Du Plessis, Leo Stephen
  • Date: 1973
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:21176 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6750
  • Description: Summary: Low molecular weight N-nitrosamines were detected by ultraviolet, infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectral, thin-layer chromatographic and gas liquid chromatographic means. A method for the estimation of dimethylnitrosamine, diethylnitrosamine, ethal-n-propylnitrosamine and di-n-propylnitrosamine has been developed. The method involves the isolation of the nitrosamines in an aqueous distillate by freeze-drying. After extraction of the nitrosamines from the aqueous distillate by means of dichloromethane, their separation and quantitative estimation are achieved by gas liquid chromatography of the extract. The procedure can be extended down to the ppb range. Dimethylnitrosamine was isolated from an extract of Solanum incanum and identified by gas liquid chromatography on four different columns, infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
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  • Date Issued: 1973

'n Evaluering van onderwysvoorsienings en onderwysfasiliteite in die Karoo-distrikte Aberdeen, Graaff-Reinet, Jansenville-Klipplaat en Murraysburg vir die hoofbevolkingsgroepe Blank, Kleurling en Bantoe

- Dreyer, J N

3227DC Berlin

- Trigonometrical Survey (South Africa)

A contribution to the biology of Tilapia mossambica Peters in Lake Sibaya, South Africa

- Bruton, Michael N

  • Authors: Bruton, Michael N
  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Cichlids , Tilapia , Mozambique tilapia
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:5839 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009950 , Cichlids , Tilapia , Mozambique tilapia
  • Description: An account is given of some aspects of the biology of Tilapia mossambica Peters in Lake Sibaya, South Africa. Previous work on Tilapia in Lake Sibaya is reviewed. Apart from brief gillnet surveys, which recorded the species' presence, no research on T. mossambica had been performed at Lake Sibaya before the two-year study of Minshull who collected data on food preferences, depth distribution of juveniles and breeding biology of adults. The main physiographical features of the lake are outlined. Lake Sibaya is a warm shallow coastal lake with extensive shallow terraces in the littoral which shelve abruptly into underwater valleys. The substrate is predominantly sandy. Aquatic macrophytes are generally restricted to water 1-7 m deep. Adult fishes (over 8 cm SL) are usually absent from water deeper than 12 m and shallower than 0.5 m, whereas juveniles may occur at all depths, and fry only in very shallow water. T. mossambica inhabits the littoral in the warm and transition periods (August to April) but moves into deep water in the cool season (May to July). Exposed and sheltered shallow areas are utilised for different purposes by adult fishes, the former for nesting, and the latter for feeding and mouth-brooding. Habitat selection by males was governed by nest site selection. Habitat Nests were most common in sheltered, sparsely vegetated littoral and sublittoral areas, but also present in well-vegetated sheltered areas. Breeding females preferred sheltered littoral areas but ventured onto the terrace to release the young. Juvenile and fry T. mossambica inhabited shallow exposed shores with a temperature gradient which reversed diurnally. The breeding, shoaling and feeding behaviour of T. mossambica is described, and integrated with data on T. mossambica from other systems. The breeding season spans seven months. Shoaling takes place in shallow water probably as a means of protection. T. mossambica is an omnivorous feeder relying largely on diatoms. The main predator is probably the barbel Clarias gariepinus, but avian predators may be more important. A method whereby the time of formation of rings on the scales of T. mossambica is described. The fishes were found to reach maturity after one year at a length of about 8 cm in females, and after two years at 10 cm in males. The breeding population had a standard length mode of 14 cm (females) and 17 cm (males). The maximum final size was about 24 cm SL. An estimate of the standing crop for fishes in the littoral and subiittoral areas of the eastern and southern shores of the south basin is given. The data were derived from a mark and recapture The biology of T. mossambica in Lake Sibaya as revealed by the present study is discussed with reference to data on the same and similar species in other systems. The utilis ation of the available resources in the lake by T. mossambica is commented upon, and reference is made to the significance of stunting, and the import ance of the retention of generalised characters for the successful habitation of the cyclically-renewed habitat of the littoral. Precocious breeding in T. mossambica is regarded as a functional adaptation which increases the proportion of fishes small enough to utilise the rich food resources in shallow water.
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  • Date Issued: 1973

A critical study of the chansons of the Chatelain de Couci (end of the XIIth to beginning of the XIIIth Century)

- Salter, Christina

  • Authors: Salter, Christina
  • Date: 1973
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:21144 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6563
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  • Date Issued: 1973

A physico-chemical investigation of refractory hard metals

- Philip, Hamish Ian

  • Authors: Philip, Hamish Ian
  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Refractory materials Heat resistant alloys
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:4441 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007630
  • Description: In this investigation, the resistivity of vanadium nitride at elevated temperatures has been measured using a resistance bridge based on the Dauphinée/Mooser (1955) chopper system. In general, an almost linear increase of resistivity with temperature was observed for VN, but at certain temperatures, deviations from linearity (anomalies) were observed, these have been classified into three types. Attempts have been made to correlate the anomalous behaviour and temperature coefficients of resistivity with the ambient atmospheres and with the impurities, (especially oxygen), stoichiotmetry and density of this material. Oxygen and excess nitrogen appear to be electron donors in their effects on VN and result in a decrease in the slope of resistivity vs temperature curves. Oxygen and excess nitrogen also appear to increase the overall resistivity due to an increase in defect concentration. No effects due to the ambient atmosphere have been observed in the case of hot-pressed samples. lndicating that reaction can only occur if the reacting gases can reach the interior of the samples.
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  • Date Issued: 1973

A structural investigation of the sulphated polysaccharide from Aeodes ulvoidea Schmitz

- Allsobrook, Anthony John Robert

  • Authors: Allsobrook, Anthony John Robert
  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Red algae -- Composition Polysaccharides
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:4437 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007482
  • Description: Aeodes ulvoidea, a red seaweed of the Grateloupiaceae, yielded a highly sulphated polysaccharide which was shown to contain D- and L-galactose, 4-0-methy-L-galactose, 2-0-methyl - D- and L-galactose and 6-0-methyl-D-galactose, together with chromatographic traces of xylose and mannose. The sulphate was not labile to alkali, but it was largely removed with methanolic hydrogen chloride. Periodate oxidation of the polysaccharide, methylation of the de sulphated polysaccharide, and investigation of fifteen oligosaccharides from partial hydrolysis and acetolysis studies of the polysaccharide, indicate that (a) the polysaccharide is composed of a backbone of D-galactose residues which are 1,3- and 1,4-linked (b) at least some regions of alternating structure do occur (c) the 2-0-methylgalactose is linked through the 4-position (d) the 4-0-methyl-L-galactose is present as single unit side chains glycosidically linked to the galactose backbone at position 6, and (e) most of the 6-0-methyl-D-galactose is linked to the 4-position of 2-0-methyl-D-galactose.
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  • Date Issued: 1973

A study of Jewish identification and commitment in Johannesburg

- Dubb, Allie A

  • Authors: Dubb, Allie A
  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Jews -- South Africa -- Johannesburg Johannesburg (South Africa) -- Social conditions
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:3362 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011564
  • Description: The present study is an investigation of the nature and extent of Jewish identification and commitment in the Johannesburg Jewish Community. Jewish identification is defined as the attitudes and behaviour through which Jews express their identity with each other and with the Jewish group. It is conceived as comprising several dimensions - structural, cultural, religious, etc . - each of which may be assessed in terms of attitudes and/or behaviour. The aim of the study is, in the first place to describe the various dimensions of Jewish identification and to discover relations between them, and between them and other variables. Fieldwork consisted in the administration of a schedule, lasting about an hour, by trained interviewers to a quota sample of Johannesburg Jews. The schedule comprised questions relating to behaviour, attitudes and personal particulars. These data were augmented by several intensive interviews and by interviewers' observations. The final sample consisted of 286 men and women, in almost equal proportions, who had answered affirmatively the initial question, "Are you Jewish?" Five hypotheses were postulated, mainly on the basis of the findings of several previous studies in the United States. Briefly, it was postulated: firstly, that Jews would tend to identify through their attitudes to a greater extent than through actual behaviour; secondly that the area in which identification on the behavioural level was most likely to be manifested, was in patterns of social relations; thirdly, that observance of religious rituals was primarily a manifestation of identification rather than religious commitment ; fourthly; that there was some conflict between the desire to maintain the group and the feeling that barriers between ethnic groups should be minimal; and, finally , that the boundaries of the .Jewish community could be defined most adequately in terms of the relevance to community membership to the allocation of roles rather than in cultural terms. The first hypothesis had to be partially rejected; the remaining four were confirmed by the data. The study comprises eleven Chapters: in the first four, the problem is defined, hypotheses stated and research and sampling methods discussed; in Chapter Five, the demographic background is described, and in Chapters Six to Ten the findings relating to the various dimensions are presented and the hypotheses tested. In the final Chapter, the hypotheses and various specific findings are discussed in relation to their wider theoretical implications, as well as to their possibilities for further research and practical applications.
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  • Date Issued: 1973

A study of the ecology, behaviour and systematics of Tockus Hornbills

- Kemp, Alan Charles

A study of the tragedy of Coriolanus by William Shakespeare

- Knox, Catherine Mary

  • Authors: Knox, Catherine Mary
  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Coriolanus , Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Criticism and interpretation
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2304 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012642 , Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Coriolanus , Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Criticism and interpretation
  • Description: It would be difficult to prove conclusively that Shakespeare was not invited or requested to write a play based on the popular story of Coriolanus. J.M. Robertson concretises this possibility with an intriguing thesis that the play was in fact rewritten from an original by Chapman. The story, he argues, would have had a far greater appeal to Chapman with his consuming interest in the heroic age of Classical antiquity, than to Shakespeare. Further, it is likely, he says, that Chapman was familiar with Alexandre Hardy 's Coriolan which, it is generally accepted, Shakespeare was not, hence the startling similarities in some of the two plays' deviations from their common source. This is hardly a more satisfactory explanation than the kind of airy alternative that disposes of the mystery by saying the source material is such that it would invite any dramatist to make similar changes. Chap. 1
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  • Date Issued: 1973

A triangle of forces : language, religion and politics : inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University

- Smuts, J. (Johannes)

  • Authors: Smuts, J. (Johannes)
  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Sociolinguistics
  • Language: English
  • Type: Text
  • Identifier: vital:669 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020738
  • Description: Inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
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  • Date Issued: 1973

Albany Rugby Football Club 2nd XV, 1973

  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Rugby football -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Photographs , Albany Rugby Football Club -- Photographs
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/50884 , vital:26036 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/M 6716
  • Description: Albany Rugby Football Club 2nd XV 1973, Winners of Hepworth Cup and Midlands Cup, trophy cups in front, Team photograph with rugby/football players, in rugby uniform, Group photograph, Black and white photograph, Indoor photograph, Captain holding rugby ball with “1973” on it, Club captain, President and Coach wearing suits, Players sitting have arms crossed, Players standing have arms by their sides, Back Row (left to right): L. Coetzee, A. G. Wakeford, B. Shone, A. Bradfield, J. Louw, R. Paul, J. Rossuw, Middle Row (left to right): D. Russell (Club Captain), C.H. Mardon, J. Place (President), B. Bosch (Captain), L. Mallet (Coach), J. Klaasen, L. de Jager, Sitting (left to right): D. van Dyk, G. Bain, A. Hartwell, Absent: L. Webster.
  • Full Text: false
  • Date Issued: 1973

Albany Rugby Football Club 2nd XV, 1973

  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Rugby football -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Photographs , Albany Rugby Football Club -- Photographs
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/50872 , vital:26035 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/M 6715
  • Description: Albany Rugby Football Club 2nd XV 1973, 2nd XV – 1973, Winners of Hepworth Cup and Midlands Cup, trophy cups in front, Team photograph with rugby/football players, in rugby uniform, Group photograph, Black and white photograph, Indoor photograph, Captain holding rugby ball with “1973” on it, Club captain, President and Coach wearing suits, Players sitting have arms crossed, Players standing have arms by their sides, Back Row (left to right): L. Coetzee, A. G. Wakeford, B. Shone, A. Bradfield, J. Louw, R. Paul, J. Rossuw, Middle Row (left to right): D. Russell (Club Captain), C.H. Mardon, J. Place (President), B. Bosch (Captain), L. Mallet (Coach), J. Klaasen, L. de Jager, Sitting (left to right): D. van Dyk, G. Bain, A. Hartwell, Absent: L. Webster.
  • Full Text: false
  • Date Issued: 1973

Albany Rugby Football Club 2nd XV, 1973

  • Date: 1973
  • Subjects: Rugby football -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Photographs , Albany Rugby Football Club -- Photographs
  • Type: still image
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/50894 , vital:26037 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/M 6717
  • Description: Albany Rugby Football Club 2nd XV 1973, 2nd XV – 1973, Winners of Hepworth Cup and Midlands Cup, trophy cups in front, Team photograph with rugby/football players, in rugby uniform, Group photograph, Black and white photograph, Indoor photograph, Captain holding rugby ball with “1973” on it, Club captain, President and Coach wearing suits, Players sitting have arms crossed, Players standing have arms by their sides, Back Row (left to right): L. Coetzee, A. G. Wakeford, B. Shone, A. Bradfield, J. Louw, R. Paul, J. Rossuw, Middle Row (left to right): D. Russell (Club Captain), C.H. Mardon, J. Place (President), B. Bosch (Captain), L. Mallet (Coach), J. Klaasen, L. de Jager, Sitting (left to right): D. van Dyk, G. Bain, A. Hartwell, Absent: L. Webster.
  • Full Text: false
  • Date Issued: 1973

Aloe alooides, Eastern Transvaal

- Findlay, Dick

Aloe distans, Saldanha Bay

- Findlay, Dick

Aloe lutescens, Northern Transvaal

- Findlay, Dick

An analysis of the transport infrastructure of the Cape Midlands and Karroo regions

- Staude, Gavin Ernest

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